Electromagnetic waves are basically waves of energy caused by a vibration. Based on their wave length and frequency, they are organized on the Electromagnetic spectrum. They usually travel at the speed of light (really really fast).What makes all electromagnetic waves similar is that they can travel through a vacuum, unlike mechanical waves which only travel through mediums.
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| From: http://www.astrosurf.com/luxorion/Radio/spectrum-radiation.png |
The Waves in order of biggest wavelength to smallest.
1. Radio Waves
2. Micro Waves
3. Infared Waves
4. Visible Waves
5. Ultraviolet Rays
6. X-rays
7. Gamma Rays
8. Cosmic Rays
X-Rays
These are very powerful waves that can go through most anything. They are used to see inside people when they have injuries. They are also used at security at airports in order to see into people's bags. Sometimes they are used by astronomers to locate objects not detectable by the human eye. X-Rays can cause cell damage and cancer. This is why radiologists do not stand in the same room when taking an X-Ray of a patient. Lead can deflect this radiation, which is why patients wear lead blankets during X-Rays. Many days of exposure can pose serious risks.
Frequency: (5*10^15)-(1*10^19) Hz
Wavelength:(8*10^-8)-(1*10^-11) m
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| From: http://www.justcolleges.com/images/bnr_xray-schools.jpg |
Infrared Waves
These waves are given off by hot objects, including our own bodies. They are used in television remotes, in heat lamps, and telephones. Night sight goggles or additions to weapons use infared in order to see and criminals can be tracked by looking for infared waves that their body gives off. They also are used in security systems and to track the weather. Infrared waves are used extensively in the military. High settings of infrared directed towards the eyes can harm vision.
Frequency: (8*10^10)-(4*10^14) Hz
Wavelength: (1*10^-3)-(6*10^-6) m
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